2005年4月份高等教育自学考试《英语一》试题及答案

第一部分 选择题（共50分）
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure（10points，1point for each）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，填在该题后的括号内。

1. or not you re conscious of it，you re constantly valuing items in dollars. 【 】
A. As       B. Whether        C. However       D. If
2.Other people stop at each new word and look it in the dictionary. 【 】
A. up     B. down     C. back     D. over
3.Many of the younger buyers say they are turned off by the poor of modern goods. 【 】

A. security      B. quantity      C. safety     D. quality
4.In one type of laboratory test all the variables one are controlled. 【 】
A. by     B. and     C. but    D. or
5. when you go through the mental exercises to come up with a tentative definition should you open the dictionary to see if you re right. 【 】
A. Simply     B. Precisely      C. Only     D. Particularly
6.The satellite also demonstrated how it could provide help to people living in isolated areas where is difficult. 【 】
A. transportation       B. instruction      C. application      D. compensation
7.Their mother is busy ready for work. 【 】
A. got    B. gets    C. to get    D. getting
8.Itwas long supposed that the main difference between animals and plants was that the former could move about while the could not. 【 】
A. other    B. latter     C. another     D. later
9.The moon merely the light of the sun，like a huge mirror hung in the sky. 【 】
A. reflects     B. demonstrates     C. transmits     D. launches
10.Some people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields find difficult to succeed in language learning. 【 】
A. which     B. how     C. that     D. it

Ⅱ.Cloze Test（10points，1point for each）下列短文中有十个空格，每个空格有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，填在括号内。
What happens when you get into an argument? Do you 11 your temper and storm out of the room，or do you give 12 ?If you have been on your feet all day cleaning the house 13 your husband gets home from work and immediately 14 his dinner，do you scream 15 him，or do you go off and cry in the kitchen?
If you believe in the art of compromise（妥协），you’ll find a solution that 16 everybody. In this way，no one loses 17 and everyone keeps his high opinion 18 everyone else. So，if you want both to be respected 19 to be happy，always keep in mind that it is 20 to negotiate a skilful compromise than to be an unpopular winner or a bad-tempered loser.
11.A.miss B.lose C.hold D.keep 【 】
12.A.up B.off C.in D.out 【 】
13.A.since B.for C.and D.if 【 】
14.A.demands B.demanding C.to demand D.demanded 【 】
15.A.in B.on C.for D.at 【 】
16.A.satisfy B.satisfies C.satisfying D.satisfied 【 】
17.A.foot B.face C.heart D.hand 【 】
18.A.of B.in C.for D.out 【 】
19.A.or B.but C.and D.yet 【 】
20.A.happier B.kinder C.easier D.better 【 】

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension（30points，2points for each）从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，填在该题后的括号内。
Passage One Questions21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
People in cities all over the world shop in supermarkets. Who decides what you buy in the supermarkets? Do you decide? Does the supermarket decide?
When you enter the supermarket，you see shelves full of food. You walk in the aisles（过道）between the shelves. You push a shopping cart and put your food in it.
You probably hear slow music as you walk along the aisles; if you hear fast music，you walk quickly. The super-market plays slow music. You walk slowly and have more time to buy things.
Maybe you go the meat department first. There is some meat on sale，and you want to find it. The manager of the supermarket knows where customers enter the meat department. The cheaper meat is at the end of the meat department，away from where the customers enter. You have to walk by all the expensive meat before you find the cheaper meat. Maybe you will buy some of the expensive meat instead of the meat on sale.
The dairy（乳制品）department sells milk and milk products such as butter and cheese. Many customers like milk that has only a little butterfat in it. One store has three different containers of low fat milk. One says“1percent（1%）”fat on the container. The second says“99percent（99%）far free”.The third says“Low Fat”in big letters and“1%”in small letters. As you can see，all the milk has the same amount of fat. The milk is all the same. The amount of milk in each container is also the same. However in this store the three containers of milk don t cost the same. Maybe the customer will buy the milk that costs the most.
21.This passage mainly discusses . 【 】
A. why people in cities shop in supermarkets
B. what influences people s shopping in supermarkets
C. what people usually buy in supermarkets
D. how music is related to people s shopping in supermarkets
22.The supermarket plays slow music so that . 【 】
A. it may attract more customers
B. it may seem more like a home
C. customers will feel more comfortable
D. customers will possibly buy more
23.The manager knows. 【 】
A. which customers like low fat milk
B. which customers like slow music
C. where customers enter the meat department
D. where customers enter the dairy department
24.The cheaper meat is put at the end of the meat department because . 【 】
A. the supermarket wants to sell more of the expensive meat
B. customers can be easily reminded before they leave
C. the supermarket intends to sell it at its original price
D. customers can be easily enabled to make a comparison
25.The author implies that customers tend to believe that . 【 】
A. the more expensive the milk，the better its quality
B. the bigger the container，the better the milk in it
C. the less fat the milk contains，the cheaper it costs
D. the more words there are on the container，the less fat the milk in it contains

Passage Two Questions26 to30 are based on the following passage.
All of us rely on what we see. W e say to ourselves，“I know，I was there; I saw it happen”and that seems to settle the matter. Or does it? Can we really trust the evidence of our eyes?
Take competitive sports. Fans who see the same game will not agree with each other and will the disagree with the referee（裁判）.“He was out of bounds when he caught the pass，”says one fan. Says another，“You are crazy. I saw it with my own eyes. He was five feet in bounds. You must be blind.”The referee rules that the receiver did step out of bounds. But thousands of fans are still not convinced—because they were there!
It s the same story in the courtroom. Trial procedure depends on witnesses giving sworn testimony（证词）.But just how reliable is the testimony of a person who reports what he has seen? In a recent study，ten thousand witnesses were asked to describe the man they saw commit a crime. The study reveals that，on the average，the witnesses overestimated the man s height by five inches，his age by eight years，and gave the wrong hair color in83percent of the cases. These witnesses didn’t play tricks on them!
What can we do to keep error to a minimum? First of all，don t let your emotions interfere with your vision. Don t see something because you want to see it. Secondly，try to stay relaxed. If you are tense，you are likely to see red when the color is blue. And finally，it helps to make notes of what you see. Don t rely on your memory alone. Take pictures，make recordings，and use any other aid to reduce distortion（歪曲）.
26.The main idea of this passage is that . 【 】
A. all of us rely on what we see
B. we can t completely trust what we see
C. sworn eyewitnesses are unreliable
D. fans usually disagree with the referee
27.The passage suggests that fans at sport events . 【 】
A. show no respect for the truth
B. lie about what they see
C. are controlled by emotion
D. have no faith in the referee
28.Statistical studies show that . 【 】
A. courtroom testimony only confuses the judge
B. courtroom testimony is often unreliable
C. eyewitnesses are remarkably accurate
D. eyewitnesses tend to conceal what they see
29.The word“them”（Paragraph3）refers to . 【 】
A. the judges and the trial procedure
B. the witnesses and their testimony
C.83percent of the cases
D. the height，age and hair color of the criminal
30.In order to keep error to a minimum，we are advised to . 【 】
A. separate our emotions from what we see
B. improve our memory of what we see
C. get a better look at what we are interested in
D. concentrate on what makes us relaxed

Passage Three Questions31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
When children learn a language，they learn the grammar as well as the words or vocabulary. No one teaches them; children just“pick them up”.
Before babies begin to produce words，they produce sounds. Some of these sounds will remain if they occur in the language being acquired，and others will disappear. This is called the“babbling（牙牙学语）stage”.
A child does not learn the language“all at once”.The child s first utterances（言语）are one-word sentences. After a few months，the two-word stage arises. During this stage，the child puts two words together. These two-word sentences have definite patterns and express grammatical and meaningful relationships. Still later，in the telegraphic stage，the child will produce longer sentences. These longer sentences are mainly made up of content words. The child s early grammar lacks many of the rules of the adult grammar，but eventually it will become mature.
All normal children everywhere learn language. This ability is not dependent on race（种族），social class，geography，or even intelligence. This ability is uniquely human.
31.This passage is mainly about . 【 】
A. the difference between a child s language and an adult s
B. ways of teaching babies to talk
C. children s learning of the mother language
D. the importance of learning foreign languages
32.The phrase“pick them up”（Line2，Paragraph1）means“ ”. 【 】
A. raise them from the ground
B. learn them without much effort
C. use hands to help carry them
D. study very hard and remember them
33.During the“babbling stage”，babies. 【 】
A. can only produce sounds
B. learn to walk steadily
C. can understand people’s talk
D. begin to produce two-word sentences
34.The two-word sentences produced by babies . 【 】
A. are simpler than those produced in the“babbling stage”
B. are more difficult than those produced in the telegraphic stage
C. are strictly grammatical
D. are meaningful and have function
35.Any child can learn language as long as he is . 【 】
A. well-educated
B. clever enough
C. unique
D. physically normal

第二部分 非选择题（共50分）
Ⅳ.Word Spelling（10points，1point for two words）将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。
36.丑陋的 a. u_ _ _ 37.命令 n. o_ _ _ _
38.狭窄的 a. n_ _ _ _ _ 39.收入 n. i_ _ _ _ _
40.借用 v. b_ _ _ _ _ 41.秋天 n. a_ _ _ _ _
42.总统 n. p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43.秘密的 a. s_ _ _ _ _
44.分享 v. s_ _ _ _ 45.忧虑 n. w_ _ _ _
46.动物园 n. z_ _ 47.准备 v. p_ _ _ _ _ _
48.营养品 n. n_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.对象 n. o_ _ _ _ _
50.欠（债等） v. o_ _ 51.暂停 n. p_ _ _ _
52.山峰 n. p_ _ _ 53.政党 n. p_ _ _ _
54.安静的 a. q_ _ _ _ 55.流行的 a. p_ _ _ _ _ _

Ⅴ.Word Form（10points，1point for each）将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空格。
56.These guidelines represent what a majority of people（consider）acceptable.
57.W e can tell from fossil evidence in rocks that many living species （become）extinct over the millions of years since life began.
58.More and more Americans nowadays are having panic attacks like the one （experience）by Anne Peters.
59.Among children between six and fourteen years old，the older the child， （few）glass balls he will take.
60. （Give）the amount of time that children watch television，it has become one of the most powerful models they want to follow.
61.Most public speakers are in fact nervous，but a good speaker learns to hide this by （give off）signals of confidence.
62.Has anyone you know ever driven （drink）?
63.IfA appears （move）at a steady speed relative to B，we cannot know for sure if it is A that is really moving.
64.Red （use）for signs of danger，such as STOP signs and fire engines.
65.Women （be）the“weaker”and“dependent”sex，it is only natural that they should cry in certain emotional situations.

Ⅵ.C-E Translation（15points，3points for each）将下列各句译成英语。
66.地震给这个地区造成了巨大损失。
67.毫无疑问，身体健康有助于你享受生活。
68.与其说他是个作家，不如说他是个科学家。
69.我们能肯定的只是会议已经被取消了。
70.没有空气的地方，就没有声音。

Ⅶ.E-C Translation（15points）将下列短文译成汉语。
What will man be like in the future— in5，000 or even 50，000 years from now? W e can only make a guess，of course，but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today. Forman is slowly changing all the time. Let us take an obvious example. Man，even five hundred years ago，was shorter than he is today. Now，on average，men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time，so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.
Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact，we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that man’s eyes will grow stronger.













2005年4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试
《英语（一）》试卷参考答案及评分标准
Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure（10points，1point for each）
1.B 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.D

Ⅱ.Cloze Test（10points，1point for each）
11.B 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.D 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.D

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension（30points，2points for each）
21.B 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.B 29.D
30.A 31.C 32.B 33.A 34.D 35.D

Ⅳ.Word Spelling（10points，1point for two words）
36.ugly 37.order 38.narrow 39.income 40.borrow 41.autumn 42.president 43.secret 44.share 45.worry 46.zoo 47.prepare 48.nutrient 49.object 50.owe 51.pause 52.peak 53.party 54.quiet 55.popular
【评分标准】本大题共20小题，每题0.5分，共10分。多写、少写或错写一个或一个以上的字母均为错。

Ⅴ.Word Form（10points，1point for each）
56.consider 57.have become 58.experienced 59.the fewer 60.Given61.giving off62.drunk 63.to be moving64.is used 65.being

Ⅵ.C-E Translation（15points）
66.The earthquake has caused great damage to the region.
67.There is no doubt that fitness can help you enjoy your life.
68.He is not so much a writer as a scientist.
69.Allwe can be certain of/about is that the meeting has been cancelled.
70.Where there is no air，there is no sound.
【评分标准】本大题共5小题，每题3分，共15分。评分原则为:
（1）主要语法错误（如动词时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致、否定、疑问以及其他句型错误）或影响基本句意的重要用词错误扣1分。
（2）非基本语法错误（如介词、代词、冠词、大写、标点等错误）以及不影响基本句意的用词错误每两处扣1分。（3）拼写错误每两处扣1分。拼写错误本大题总扣分不超过3分。（4）如所用句型与答案不一致，只要语言和意义正确，均应给分。

Ⅶ.E-C Translation（15points）
五千年、甚至五万年以后人类将会是什么样子呢?当然，我们只能猜测，不过我们可以肯定的是人类与现在长得不一样，因为人类始终在慢慢地改变着。
举个明显的例子，五百年前的人比当今人长得矮。现在，人们平均高了三英寸。相对来说，五百年不算很长，因此我们可以推断:人类将继续长得更高。
如今，我们不停地使用着眼睛。事实上，由于使用过度，我们的视力变弱了，我们不得不佩戴眼镜了。但是，经过很长一段时间后，人类的视力可能会变强。
【评分标准】本大题共15分。评分原则为:
短文英译汉的评分标准按译文质量分为15-13分、12-10分、9-7分、6-4分和3-1分五个档次。各档次标准如下:
（1）15-13分。全文翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺。
（2）12-10分。全文主要内容翻译正确或基本正确，汉语表达通顺，但有少数语句翻译错误。
（3）9-7分。全文不少于一半的内容基本正确，汉语表达尚通顺，有一些语句翻译错误。
（4）6-4分。少部分内容翻译基本正确，有较多的语句翻译错误。
（5）3-1分。仅译对个别句子。
（6）全文译错或译出零星单词或全文未译，不给分。（7）缺译的语句按完全译错处理。 根据以上评分档次描述，评分可在相应的档次内上下浮动。